Indian Youth and Unemployment
-Rashmi
The Indian economy is considered to be one of the biggest market
targeted by the industrialists and investors. However, it has been affected
with the problem of unemployment and it is required to take necessary actions
to get rid of this problem of unemployment. The number of jobs for the educated
youth, is continuously decreasing and the trading activities are also reduced
in the country. The investors are also started to stay far, due to lucrative
investment opportunities in United States of America and China. In such
circumstances, what should India do for its youth?
Problem of Unemployment in India:
The
Indian Economy is one of the fastest growing economies of the world, therefore,
‘lack of economic growth’ cannot be the cause of unemployment. Yes, the other
reason ‘lack of talent in youth’ can be the cause of unemployment in India. The
emphasis of Government of India to impart skill education in youth and
unemployed people; can change the whole situation and may help India to get rid
of problem of unemployment. In India, most of the people who are counted as
unemployed are also engaged in part-time jobs or businesses. There are very low
number of people doing nothing except taking money from their parents to spend
for meeting their financial requirements.
Expectations of Youth from Government:
Due
to promises of political parties and rising economic growth of the nation,
youth coming out from colleges, institutions and universities expect from
Government a full-time employment either in public or private sector
organizations. No doubt, Government has full potential to generate employment
but there is another problem i.e. lack of skills or employ-ability skills in
the youth. Most of the people are getting engaged in businesses of services
than manufacturing firms. The production of goods is not generating more jobs
than the service delivering companies. Due to rise in the demand of services
relating to information technology, most of the jobs are related to information
technology, and e-services relating to businesses, processes, and governance.
Pleasure from available Employment Opportunities:
The
employment and jobs presently available to unemployed youth are not providing
pleasant experiences. Due to rising expectations of the youth, the presently
available employment opportunities are either offering less salary packages or
demanding more time to spend in organizations. The work environment in private
organizations has become more complicated than earlier. With change in
organizational processes with ‘Business Process Restructuring (BPR)’ and
‘Government Process Re-engineering (GPR)’; the pleasure of employees reduced
significantly. The expenses to maintain the job and status in society are increasing
while the salaries are not increasing as per the work burden. Due to rise in
the number of unemployed youth, there is more competition to realize the job.
Trouble due to low-quality jobs than qualifications:
We
studied ‘dignity of labour’ and found that no work is smaller to earn living.
But higher the qualifications, higher the level of jobs are searched by the
unemployed youth. Due to more people being educated every year, the employment
opportunities cannot be generated at higher levels; even the higher level posts
require more experienced people to be employed. After completing the education,
the unemployed youth search for the higher level of jobs while such jobs are
rarely available; which make others unemployed. Now, a trouble comes while accepting
low-quality jobs than the qualifications.
Due
to this reason, most of the unemployed people, start giving coaching than
accepting low-quality jobs. Those who accept low-quality jobs left after a few
time.
Reservation in Jobs:
The
talented people sometimes face the problem of reservations in jobs and due to
such reservations; found themselves better to leave the country. They fly
outside India and get employed in Multi-National Companies (MNCs) or even in
Government of other nations at reputed posts. The reservation system in India,
is a curse for the talented people at the time of getting educated and be
employed. More than 50% of the jobs are reserved for the people from reserved
castes and due to such reservations; they opt to leave the country by clearing
IELT followed by seeking PR Visa.
Remedies to the Economic Problem of Unemployment in India
1. Minimum Income or Unemployment Allowance:
The
Government of India is committed to provide the jobs to each unemployed youth
and in case, anyone remained without job with very less family income; the
Government offers unemployment allowance till the time, the person not get
employed. The Government ensures a minimum income for each family so that the
problem of poverty can be tackled and people can easily live their life with
meeting their basic needs. The farmers are struggling to earn reasonable
incomes, then the Government is showing its commitment to double farmers’
income and also making it possible to reduce the economic inequalities in whole
nation.
2. Bridging gap by Skill Development Programmes:
The Singapore Government decided to run a number of programmes for
workers to acquire new skills and find jobs. Around the world, the economists
are suggesting to impart digital skills in employees as well as in unemployed
youth, for improving their capacities in using data analytics. Even in India,
the Government admitted that the retraining efforts are most important to
reduce the skills gap. The problem of unemployment poses a challenge among
most of the nations around the world. Both the developed and developing
economies are facing unemployment; a few are facing this problem due to lack of
economic growth while others are facing due to lack of talent in youth.
3. Encouraging Small Scale Industries and Start Ups:
However, Indian Government has taken
initiatives for promoting Small Scale Industries and Start Ups but the Start
Ups are not being successful due to Minimum Wages for a labourer is too high
and in case, anyone is hired in India, the corruption due to various compliance
of policies of Government put hurdles in the activities of the Small Scale
Industries. For example, the minimum wages is Rs. 9,000 while the labourers
being hired by the Small Scale Industries cannot contribute to that extent in
terms of productivity due to lack of opportunities to the Small Scale
Industries. This is a practical problem. Government should either decrease the
minimum wages in case of Start Ups or provide subsidies to Start Ups to promote
employment.
4. Public Sector Employment Opportunities should be increased:
When Government itself using disinvestment
and selling its enterprises, how the confidence will come in the private
players to run such enterprises. The ultimate result is that the private
players also started to retrench the employees and take more work from the
hired individuals with the use of technologies. The employment rate is
continuously falling.
Government should set up new
industries, new departments, new undertakings and own the responsibilities to
provide the employment instead of encouraging private players to do so.
Conclusion:
There is a lot of things in the hands
of Government to perform for increasing the employment in India. The Government
can transform the entire picture. The excess use of technology even imported
technical gadgets, machineries are replacing the manpower which is not suitable
for India, one of the most populated country. The manpower should be available
at cheaper rates by reducing the minimum wages so that the private
organizations prefer to employ than to use mechanical solutions to speed up
production. It is true, "Self Motivation to perform better than yesterday, is the key to success"
I would like to request you to kindly
suggest to incorporate your ideas in this article. With thanks.
*Copyright © 2020 Rashmi.
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